# As a condition of accessing this website, you agree to abide by the following
# content signals:

# (a)  If a Content-Signal = yes, you may collect content for the corresponding
#      use.
# (b)  If a Content-Signal = no, you may not collect content for the
#      corresponding use.
# (c)  If the website operator does not include a Content-Signal for a
#      corresponding use, the website operator neither grants nor restricts
#      permission via Content-Signal with respect to the corresponding use.

# The content signals and their meanings are:

# search:   building a search index and providing search results (e.g., returning
#           hyperlinks and short excerpts from your website's contents). Search does not
#           include providing AI-generated search summaries.
# ai-input: inputting content into one or more AI models (e.g., retrieval
#           augmented generation, grounding, or other real-time taking of content for
#           generative AI search answers).
# ai-train: training or fine-tuning AI models.
# use:      how AI systems may consume the content (immediate, reference, or full).

# ANY RESTRICTIONS EXPRESSED VIA CONTENT SIGNALS ARE EXPRESS RESERVATIONS OF
# RIGHTS UNDER ARTICLE 4 OF THE EUROPEAN UNION DIRECTIVE 2019/790 ON COPYRIGHT
# AND RELATED RIGHTS IN THE DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET.

# BEGIN Cloudflare Managed content


User-agent: *
Content-Signal: search=yes,ai-train=no,use=reference
Allow: /

# Training crawlers
User-agent: Amazonbot
Disallow: /

User-agent: Applebot-Extended
Disallow: /

User-agent: Bytespider
Disallow: /

User-agent: CCBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: ClaudeBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: Diffbot
Disallow: /

User-agent: Google-Extended
Disallow: /

User-agent: GPTBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: omgili
Disallow: /

User-agent: anthropic-ai
Disallow: /

User-agent: Claude-Web
Disallow: /

User-agent: cohere-ai
Disallow: /

User-agent: MistralAI-Training
Disallow: /

User-agent: meta-externalagent
Disallow: /

User-agent: GoogleOther
Disallow: /

User-agent: Baiduspider
Disallow: /

User-agent: PetalBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: AwarioSmartBot
User-agent: AwarioRssBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: Google-CloudVertexBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: QualifiedBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: Cotoyogi
Disallow: /

User-agent: ICC-Crawler
Disallow: /

User-agent: atlassian-bot
Disallow: /

User-agent: FishBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: BorderxBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: NavuBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: SemrushBot-SWA
Disallow: /

User-agent: WARDBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: magpie-crawler
Disallow: /

User-agent: KimiBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: CitibotSiteCrawler
Disallow: /

# END Cloudflare Managed Content

# Prevent msn from overwhealming the server, e.g some msn bot ips hit site 99558 per day in Feb 2015
# Changed to any agent since mail.ru started to overload it as well
# Since Jan 7 2025 a few hosts like rate-limited-proxy-209-85-238-1.google.com started to issuing 200K+ daily requests.
User-agent: *
Crawl-delay: 1
# Kept in the SAME group as the crawl-delay above, deliberately. These were two
# separate "User-agent: *" records until 2026-09-19; Google merges same-agent
# groups, but a first-group-wins parser saw only the crawl-delay and never the
# disallow. Do not split them again.
Disallow: /cite.php

# AhrefsBot and SemrushBot were 90% of all user-agent blocks in Sep 2026 (29.4k + 1.7k hits
# in one week). They rotate across large OVH ranges, so the per-IP blacklist never kept up --
# see texas/CLAUDE.md. Both honor robots.txt, so stop them at the source instead.
User-agent: AhrefsBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: SemrushBot
Disallow: /